Health Insurance
Basic Types of Health Insurance
Today's health insurance market is broken into many segments. Some
are highly specialized in their coverage and others are more
comprehensive. The more comprehensive and inclusive the health
insurance the higher the premiums.
It is generally in your best interest to purchase group coverage
(through an employer) when available. Group coverage is generally
more comprehensive and group rates are generally lower because their
is strength in numbers. However, group plans are almost always
managed care programs and have lots of restrictions.
If group coverage is not available then you will have to purchase an
individual plan. Individual plans are medically underwritten and
there are no guarantees that an insurer will approve your
application. Premiums for individual policy holders are more in line
with their expected health care cost than in group coverage. That
means, the premiums will be higher for those who are older or less healthy.
Health Insurance "Short-Term"
As its name implies, short-term health insurance is temporary
coverage and lasts from one to six months. Some companies may allow
the insured to renew the policy one time but the total length of
coverage will not exceed twelve months. This is perfect for someone
who just dropped off their parents' policy because they graduated
from college or maybe they hit that age limit and need health
insurance before they find a full-time job. Or maybe for somebody
between jobs.
Coverage is generally comparable to that of an HMO or similar plan
and typically includes various hospital charges, office visits,
diagnostic tests, and prescription drugs. Maternity costs are not
covered, however. Unlike an HMO or PPO, though, a short-term plan is
an indemnity plan, which means you have the freedom to go to any
doctor; you're not confined to a network of doctors.
Plans are typically offered with a number of deductibles ranging from
$200 to $2,000. Most young adults choose the $500 deductible or the
$250 deductible. Older adults generally choose higher deductibles to
offset their higher premiums.
The down side of short-term policies
In many short-term policies the deductible you pay is per injury or
illness. That means you must meet the deductible all over again each
time you are treated for a ear infection or other illness. After you
meet the deductible, the company pays 80 percent of the next $5,000
in expenses and then pays 100 percent.
Short-term policies also have certain strict eligibility
requirements, although they will vary from insurer to insurer. If you
have ever been denied health insurance, you won't be eligible for
short-term insurance because a denial indicates you might have
significant health problems. In addition, if you have a pre-existing
condition (an illness or chronic condition you've had within the
previous five years), it won't be covered under most short-term
plans. That means if you've had leukemia, a stroke, or even allergies
or asthma within the last five years, those illnesses won't be
covered under your short-term policy. Pregnancy is not't covered either,
although complications arising from pregnancy generally are.
And what happens if you bought a three-month policy only to find that
the job you hoped to land - with health benefits - has not't
materialized? Don't count on automatically being able to renew your
short-term policy, because it doesn't work that way. You have to go
through the application process all over again and take out a new
policy. If you had any illnesses or injuries during your previous
policy period, those now become pre-existing and won't be eligible
for coverage.
Shop around on your own compare rates and benefits from several
companies to make sure you get a plan that's right for you. For more
information and rates on short-term health insurance visit our
specialist site below.
Catastrophic Health Insurance
Catastrophic health insurance policies are intended only to pay for
major hospital and medical expenses, not routine visits to the
doctor's office or trips to the ER to get stitched up. A catastrophic
plan would cover things like treatment in an intensive-care unit for
10 days after an auto accident or complications from a pregnancy that
land you in a hospital.
Catastrophic health insurance policies typically come with a very
high deductible from $500 to $15,000 and a high maximum benefit
payment, such as $1, $2 or $3 million.
Who buys catastrophic health insurance?
There are two groups of individuals who commonly purchase
catastrophic health insurance. The first is the young adults who are
self employeed or do not have coverage through their employer. They
are healthy on no medications and would rather pay their own office
visit and save the premium. The second group is primarily made up of
individuals between the ages of 50 - 65. They typically choose high
deductibles $5,000 and up and are primarily concerned with
catastrophic losses associated with heart attacks, cancer and other
such illnesses.
Is Catastrophic Coverage Right For You?
As with all insurance you are gambling that you are going to need the
coverage. With catastrophic coverage you are elimination coverage to
reduce premiums. Be careful not to take a deductible larger than you
can afford and plan for what you're comfortable with is the worst
happens. Shop around on your own or talk to an independent insurance
agent to make sure you get a plan that's right for you. For more
information and rates on catastrophic health insurance visit our
specialist site below.
Traditional Health Insurance
Up until about 30 years ago, most people had
traditional indemnity coverage. These days, it's often known as
fee-for-service. Indemnity plans are a bit like auto insurance: you
pay a certain amount of your medical expenses up front in the form of
a deductible and afterward the insurance company pays the majority of
the bill.
Advances in modern medicine increased the cost of
providing health care and made it possible for people to live longer.
Those advances caused many insurance companies to look for ways to
reduce their costs of doing business, giving managed care the boost
it enjoys today.
Fee-For-Service
For years, indemnity or fee-for-service coverage was
the norm. Under this type of health coverage, you have complete
autonomy when it comes to choosing doctors, hospitals and other
health care providers. You can refer yourself to any specialist
without getting permission, and the insurance company doesn't get to
decide whether the visit was necessary.
You don't, however, have complete autonomy. Most
fee-for-service medicine is managed to a certain extent. For
instance, if you're not already incapacitated, you may need to get
clearance for a visit to the emergency room.
On the down side, fee-for-service plans usually
involve more out-of-pocket expenses. Often there is a deductible,
usually of about $200, before the insurance company starts paying.
Once you've paid the deductible, the insurer will kick in about 80
percent of any doctor bills. You may have to pay up front and then
submit the bill for reimbursement, or your provider may bill your
insurer directly.
Under fee-for-service plans, insurers will usually
only pay for reasonable and customary medical expenses, taking into
account what other practitioners in the area charge for similar
services. If your doctor happens to charge more than what the
insurance company considers reasonable and customary, you'll probably
have to make up the difference yourself.
Traditionally, preventive care services like annual
check-ups and pelvic exams have not't been covered under fee-for-service
plans. But as the evidence mounts that preventive care can prevent
more costly illnesses down the road, some insurers are including them.
Fee-for-service plans often include a ceiling for
out-of-pocket expenses, after which the insurance company will pay
100 percent of any costs. Traditional fee-for-service coverage offers
flexibility in exchange for higher out-of-pocket expenses and is not
for everyone.
Shop around on your own or talk to an independent insurance agent to
make sure you get a plan that's right for you. For more information
and rates on short-term health insurance visit our specialist site below.
Preferred Provider
Organizations (PPO'S)
"Managed Care"
A Preferred Provider Organizations is the least
restrictive type of managed care. PPOs have made arrangements for
lower fees with a network of health care providers. PPOs give their
policyholders a financial incentive to stay within that network.
For example, a visit to an in-network doctor might
mean you'd have a $10 co-pay. If you wanted see an out-of-network
doctor, you'd have to pay the entire bill up front and then submit
the bill to your insurance company for an 80 percent reimbursement.
In addition, you might have to pay a deductible if you choose to go
outside the network, or pay the difference between what the
in-network and out-of-network doctors charge.
With a PPO, you can refer yourself to a specialist
without getting approval and, as long as it's an in-network provider,
enjoy the same co-pay. Staying within the network means less money
coming out of your pocket and less paper work. Preventive care
services may not be covered under a PPO.
Exclusive Provider Organizations are PPOs that look
like HMOs. EPOs raise the financial stakes for staying in the
network. If you choose a provider outside the network, you're
responsible for the entire cost of the visit.
Is a PPO Right For You?
Rates and coverage vary form state to state so shop around on your
own or talk to an independent insurance agent to make sure you get a
plan that's right for you. For more information and rates on PPO
health insurance visit our specialist site below.
Point-of-Service (POS)
"Managed Care"
A Point-of-Service plan is a little more least
restrictive type of managed care. Point-of Service plans like PPO's
have made arrangements for lower fees with a network of health care
providers and give their policyholders a financial incentive to stay
within that network.
However, Point-of-service plans introduce the
gatekeeper, or Primary Care Physician. You'll need to choose your
primary care physician (PCP) from among the plan's network of doctors.
As with the PPO, you can choose to go out of network
and still get some kind of coverage. In order to get a referral to a
specialist, though, you usually must go through your PCP. You can
still choose to refer yourself, but it'll mean more hassles and more
money coming out of your pocket.
If your PCP refers you to a doctor who is out of the
network, the plan should pick up most of the cost. But if you refer
yourself out, then you'll probably have to deal with more paper work
and a smaller reimbursement. You may also have to pay a deductible if
you go outside the network.
POS plans may also cover more preventive care
services, and may even offer health improvement programs like
workshops on nutrition and smoking cessation, and discounts at health clubs.
Is a POS Right For You?
Rates and coverage vary form state to state so shop around on your
own or talk to an independent insurance agent to make sure you get a
plan that's right for you. For more information and rates on POS
health insurance visit our specialist site below.
Health Maintenance
Organizations (HMO's)
"Managed Care"
A Health Maintenance Organization plan is the most
restrictive type of managed care. Like Point-of Service and PPO's,
HMO's have made arrangements for lower fees with a network of health
care providers and give their policyholders a financial incentive to
stay within that network.
HMO plans also utilize a gatekeeper, or Primary Care
Physician. You'll need to choose your primary care physician (PCP)
from among the plan's network of doctors. HMO's require that you only
see their doctors, and that you get a referral from your primary care
physician before you see a specialist. In most cases you'll need to
get clearance before you can visit the emergence room, if your able.
In general, you must see HMO approved physicians and use HMO approved
facilities or pay the entire cost of the visit yourself.
HMO plans generally cover more preventive care
services, and may even offer health improvement programs like
workshops on nutrition and smoking cessation, and discounts at health clubs.
Is a HMO Right For You?
HMO coverage is a trade-off between premiums paid and plan
flexibility. HMO's offer some very attractive rates but are very
restrictive when it comes to coverage. Rates and coverage vary form
state to state so shop around on your own or talk to an independent
insurance agent to make sure you get a plan that's right for you.
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